Te whakamātautau i ngā huānga noa i roto i te rino

Te whakamātautau i ngā huānga noa i roto i te rino

I te whanaketanga tonu o te ōhanga me te whakapai tonu i te mana pāpori, kua noho ngā rauemi maitai hei rauemi tino nui mō te whanaketanga o te motu. Ko te whakarewa i ngā rauemi maitai i roto i te umanga maitai te wāhanga matua o te whakamahinga tika o ngā rauemi. Me aro nui ki ngā rauemi hanganga me ētahi rauemi mahi ngā āhuatanga katoa o te oranga o te tangata. Ko te whanaketanga o ngā momo ahumahi i roto i tō tātou whenua, pērā i te kawe waka, te hiko me te maha atu o ngā ahumahi, kei te aro nui ki ngā rauemi maitai. I te whanaketanga tonu o te ōhanga o tō tātou whenua, kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia mō ngā rauemi maitai i roto i te mākete o roto. Heoi, kua nui ake te ihirangi o ētahi huānga i roto i te maitai i te ihirangi paerewa ā-motu i roto i te kaihōtaka. Nō reira, i roto i te hokohoko o te ao, kua noho te hiahia mō te rino. Ko te kimi i ngā momo huānga he hononga tino nui. Nō reira, ko te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga tirotiro tere me te haumaru he whāinga noa mō ngā kaimahi tirotiro rino.

Te āhua o nāianei o te whakamātautau i ngā huānga noa i roto i te rino i tōku whenua

Ko ngā taiwhanga whakamātautau rino tino rongonui i tōku whenua e whakamahi ana i te tikanga whakaiti o te titanium trichloride hei kimi i te nui o te rino i roto i te rino. Ka kiia tēnei tikanga kimi he tikanga matū. Ehara i te mea ka kitea noa e tēnei tikanga matū ngā huānga i roto i te rino engari ka whakamahia hoki te mātakitaki hihi-X marara roangaru hei whakatau i te nui o te silicon, te konupūmā, te manganese me ētahi atu huānga i roto i te rino. Ko te tikanga kimi mō ētahi huānga ka kiia ko te tikanga kimi hihi-X. I te kitenga i ngā huānga rerekē i roto i te rino, ka taea hoki te kite i te nui katoa o te rino. Ko te painga o tēnei ko ia kimi, ka whiwhihia ngā raraunga nui e rua o te rino, ā, he tino rerekē ngā uara raraunga o ngā raraunga e rua. He iti, engari he iti hoki ngā rerekētanga e tino rerekē ana. Me whiriwhiri te tikanga whakamātautau e whakamahia ana i roto i te taiwhanga i runga i ngā momo rino rerekē, nā te mea e whakamahia ana e tōku whenua ngā tikanga matū hei tikanga noa, ā, he mahi matua tāna. Ko tētahi take nui ko te mea ko te whiriwhiri i runga i ngā āhuatanga hanganga o te rino i tōku whenua. Ka whiriwhiria te tikanga tirotiro i runga i ngā āhuatanga hanganga rerekē o te rino kia tika, kia pūtaiao hoki. He marara noa te horapa o te rino i Haina, ā, he iti noa te wāhi rokiroki. Kāore i te pumau te kounga i ngā wāhi rerekē. He maha ngā rerekētanga mai i ērā i tāwāhi. He tino kukū te horapa o te rino o tāwāhi, he nui te wāhi rokiroki, ā, he tino pumau te kounga ki te whakataurite ki tō tātou whenua.

Nā te whanaketanga tonu o tō tātou ōhanga, nā te whanaketanga hangarau o ngā taiwhanga whakamātautau me te whānui tonu o ā rātou ratonga pānuitanga kua tino piki ake te rahinga pakihi o ngā huānga whakamātautau taiwhanga, kia nui ai ā rātou rauemi hei whakahaere whakamātautau. Me whakamātautau e ngā taiwhanga o tō tātou whenua he mano tini ngā puranga pakihi kua tāpirihia ki ngā raraunga kitenga. Nā te pikinga tonu o te kitenga o ngā huānga rino i tō tātou whenua, me whakamaroke ngā tauira i te wā whakamātautau matū. Me mahi ā-ringa ia tukanga whakamaroke. I te wā katoa o te tukanga, i tetahi taha, kei te tino whakapau kaha ngā kaimahi ki te whakapai ake i ia hononga. Ki te roa tēnei, kāore te tinana o ngā kaimahi e okioki pai, ā, ka noho ki te āhua taumaha rawa, ka heke pea te kounga o te mahi. Mō te kitenga, he tino tūpono ka puta ētahi raruraru i ia wā. I tetahi atu taha, i te wā o te tukanga whakahaere, kua tino pāngia, kua kino hoki te taiao i roto i tētahi whānuitanga. I taua wā anō, kāore e taea te tukatuka pai i te hau putanga me te wai para. Nō reira he mea tino nui kia whakapai ake i te pai o te kitenga kia tika ake ai ngā raraunga kitenga. Kua roa ngā taiwhanga o tō tātou whenua e whakamātautau ana i te rino, ā, kua mōhiotia e rātou te maha o ngā wheako whakamātautau me te nui o ngā raraunga whakamātautau. Ko ēnei raraunga e ahu mai ana i ngā tikanga matū me te tirotiro hihi-X. Mā te tātari i ēnei raraunga, ka kitea e tātou te tirotiro hihi-X. He tikanga hou te tirotiro ka taea te whakakapi i ngā tikanga matū. Ko te painga o tēnei he taea te penapena i te nui o ngā kaimahi me ngā rauemi pūtea, me te whakaiti i te parahanga taiao.

01

Te kaupapa tirotiro me ngā mahi tirotiro mō te tikanga X-fluorescence

Ko te mātāpono o te tirotiro hihi-X he whakamahi tuatahi i te lithium tetraborate anhydrous hei rerenga, te lithium nitrate hei waikura, me te pāhare pākawa waro hei kaihoko tuku hei whakarite i tētahi tauira, kātahi ka ine i te uara kaha o te hihi-X i roto i te huānga rino kia puta ai he whanaungatanga tauanga i waenga i te ihirangi huānga. Tātaihia te ihirangi rino i roto i te konganuku rino.

Ko ngā matū me ngā taputapu i whakamahia i roto i te whakamātautau ine ira-X he wai whakapūkara, he waikawa hauwaiora, he lithium tetraborate anhydrous, he lithium nitrate, he potassium bromide me ngā hau. Ko te taputapu i whakamahia he ine ira-X.

Ko ngā mahi matua o te kimi i te hihi-X:

■ Ka whakamahia te lithium tetraborate korewai hei rerenga, ka whakamahia te lithium carbonate hei waikura, ā, ka whakamahia te pāhare pākawa waro hei kaihoko tuku. He maha ngā otinga ka konatunatua tetahi ki tetahi kia taea ai te tauhohe katoa.

■ I mua i te whakamātautau i te rino, me paunatia ngā tauira rino, me rewa, me whakarewa hoki hei hanga i ngā wahi whakamātautau paerewa.

■ I muri i te whakaritenga o te tauira rino, ka tātarihia mā te whakamahi i te mātakitaki hihi-X.

■ Hei tukatuka i ngā raraunga kua whakaputaina, ko te tikanga me tango he tauira paerewa ka whakanoho i te tauira ki runga i te ine hihi-X. Whakahokia te whakamātautau kia maha ngā wā, kātahi ka tuhia ngā raraunga. Ko te hanga i tētahi tauira paerewa ka pau noa i tētahi nui o te lithium tetraborate anhydrous, te lithium nitrate, me te potassium bromide.

02

Ngā mātāpono whakamātautau matū me ngā tukanga whakamātautau

Ko te mātāpono o te kimi matū ko te whakapōrearea, te whakakawa rānei i te tauira paerewa ki te waikawa, ā, ka whakaitihia katoatia te huānga rino ki te konupūmā stannous. Ko te wāhanga iti whakamutunga o te rino e toe ana ka whakaitihia ki te titanium trichloride. Ko te toenga o te matū whakaiti ka whakawākia katoatia ki te otinga pāhare pākawa dichromate, ā, ka titrationhia te huānga rino kua whakaitihia. Hei whakamutunga, ka whakamahia te otinga pāhare pākawa dichromate e pau ana i te tauira paerewa. Tātaihia te tapeke o te ihirangi rino i roto i te tauira.

Ko ngā matū me ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana mō te kimi ko: ngā matū, te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa whanariki, te waikawa phosphoric, te waikawa boric, te waikawa hydrofluoric, te pāhare pākawa waro, te hauwai konutai, te waikura konutai, me ētahi atu. Ngā taputapu me ngā taputapu: Te oko korundum, te oko konukawata, te pūret, te pauna, me ētahi atu.

Ngā mahi matua o te kimi matū:

■ Whakamahia ētahi otinga tae atu ki te otinga stannous chloride, te titanium trichloride, me te otinga paerewa potassium dichromate hei whakaranu tetahi ki tetahi. Tukua kia haere tonu te tauhohenga.

■ Whakamahia te waikawa, te kawakore rānei hei wawahi katoa i te tauira paerewa.

■ Tātarihia te tauira paerewa kua pakaru ki te wairewa pāhare pākawa dichromate.

■ Hei tukatuka i ngā raraunga kua whakaputaina, me whakarite kia rua ngā otinga tauira paerewa me tētahi otinga pātea i te wā o te whakamātautau.

Whakamutunga

I roto i te nuinga o ngā whenua, ko te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te kimi i ngā huānga i roto i te rino ko te X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Ko te kimi i tēnei tikanga e aro nui ana ki te tātari i te kaupapa o te tikanga, me te whakapai tonu i ngā tikanga o nāianei kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga o ngā hua kimi tika. I te wā e whakahaerehia ana te aromatawai, he iti noa te nui o te otinga paerewa e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i tētahi aromatawai whaitake o te tikanga kimi. Nā te mea he tino rerekē te rino i roto i te whakamātautau i te rino i roto i te tauira paerewa i runga i te āhua, te hanganga matū, me ētahi atu, kāore te tikanga X-ray fluorescence spectrometry i te tino tika i roto i te tukanga tirotiro. Ka tutuki te tika mā te wehewehe i te nui o ngā raraunga i kohia i te wā e kimi ana i te rino mā ngā tikanga matū me te X-ray fluorescence spectrometry i roto i te whakamātautau, kātahi ka tātarihia ngā raraunga mā te tatauranga, me te whakataurite i ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā tikanga kimi e rua mā te tātari. Mā te kimi i te hononga i waenga i ngā mea e rua ka taea te whakaiti i ngā rauemi tangata me ngā rauemi pūtea e whakangaohia ana ki te tirotiro. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakaiti i te parahanga taiao, te whakapai ake i te oranga o te tangata, me te whakaputa i ngā painga ōhanga mō te umanga rino o tōku whenua.

Shandong Hengbiao Inspection and Testing Co., Ltd.He whare whakamātautau a Haina, he whare whakamātautau me ngā tohu C rua, kua paahitia te whakamanatanga tohu o ngā whare tirotiro me te whakamātautau me te Ratonga Whakamana ā-Motu o Haina mō te Aromatawai Whakarite. E 25 ngā kaimahi tirotiro me te whakamātautau ngaio, tae atu ki te 10 ngā miihini me ngā tohunga taiwhanga me ngā taitara ngaio matua. He tūāpapa ratonga tūmatanui e whakarato ana i te tirotiro me te whakamātautau ngaio, te tohutohu hangarau mōhiohio, te mātauranga me te whakangungu me ētahi atu ratonga mō ngā ahumahi mekameka ahumahi e pā ana ki te keri me ngā rauemi whakarewa. Kei te whakahaerehia e te whare, ā, kei te mahi ratonga hoki i runga i te (Waehere Whakamana o ngā Taiwhanga Whakamātautau me te Whakatikatika). Kei roto i te whakahaere he rūma tātari matū, he rūma tātari taputapu, he rūma whakamātautau rauemi, he rūma whakamātautau mahi tinana, me ētahi atu. Neke atu i te 100 ngā taputapu whakamātautau nui me ngā whakaurunga tautoko pēnei i ngā ine hihi-X, ngā ine mimiti ngota me ngā ICP, ngā tātari waro me te whanariki, ngā ine whakaahua, ngā ine pānui tika, ngā mīhini whakamātautau pānga, me ngā mīhini whakamātautau ao o te waitohu American Thermo Fisher.

Kei roto i te whānuitanga o te kimi ko te tātaritanga huānga matū o ngā kohuke kore-whakarewa (quartz, feldspar, kaolin, mika, fluorite, me ētahi atu) me ngā kohuke whakarewa (rino, manganese, chromium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, mata, konutea, koura, whenua onge, me ētahi atu). Te whakamātautau hanganga me te āhuatanga ā-tinana o te kowiri tira, te maitai waro, te parahi, te konumohe me ētahi atu rauemi whakarewa.

E piri ana te kamupene ki ngā mātāpono o te "whakahaere pūnaha, pūkenga tūāpapa, whakahaere whai hua, me ngā ratonga ngaio", e aro ana ki ngā hiahia pea o ngā kiritaki me te hapori, e whai ana i te pai o te kiritaki hei kaupapa ratonga, ā, e piri ana ki te rapunga whakaaro o te "tika, te pakari, te pūtaiao, me te whai hua". Ko te kaupapa here ratonga, e whakapau kaha ana ki te whakarato ratonga hangarau mana me te tika ki ā mātou kiritaki.